El camarista en lo Penal Económico y vice presidente de la Asociación Internacional de Abogados y Juristas Judíos , Marcos Grabivker, dialogó en exclusiva con Vis a Vis y comentó su visión respecto al antisemitismo y a las nuevas formas que tomó este modo de discriminación.
-¿Cómo surge el antisemitismo?
– El antisemitismo, como toda las formas de discriminación,no es un problema del discriminado sino que es un problema del discriminador. El discriminador es una persona que tiene una concepción autoritaria de la vida, que está totalmente ausente de sus valores la diversidad y se siente dueño de la verdad. En general, los grupos minoritarios son “buenos” para hacer recaer sobre ellos los males que suceden en una sociedad determinada. El ejemplo más claro es el de la Alemania Nazi, que a través de un sistema democrático, encontró una manera de cohesionar a la sociedad alemana haciendo responsable a los judíos de todos los males que pudieron estar sucediendo en ese momento.
–¿Cómo hay que hacer para combatir el antisemitismo en el mundo?
– Lo fundamental es la educación y el diálogo. La falta de conocimiento e instrucción es un caldo de cultivo para el antisemitismo, por eso es que han tenido una buena inserción y generó fabulas y mitos de todo tipo. El concepto de identidad nacional al que tanto se hace referencia en la actualidad no consiste en fundir a todas las diversidades para hacer un estereotipo, que era lo que decía el nazismo de la raza aria. Sino todo lo contrario, cada grupo de la sociedad tiene su particularidad. Por eso, hay que saber reconocer a un par aún con sus diferencias, en ese momento se terminan los cucos.
– Se hace hincapié en que el antisemitismo es de los sectores bajos ¿Usted considera que solo ese sector es discriminador?
– Yo creo que hay antisemitas que se suponen instruidos. La ignorancia y la falta de instrucción favorecen el antisemitismo aunque no creó que sea excluyente. Hoy el antisemitismo se disfraza mucho mediante el anti sionismo y el anti israelí, es una nueva versión. Nosotros vemos en nuestra sociedad que hay grupos considerados progresistas que aluden permanentemente a supuestas violaciones de derechos humanos sobre hechos ocurridos en Israel, pero nunca han dicho nada de las violaciones de derechos esenciales en sociedades fundamentalistas musulmanas con respecto a la relación con la mujer. Me llama la atención que no haya boicots, cuestionamientos o sanciones contra los gobiernos que protegen estas cosas.
–¿Considera que la Argentina trata bien el tema del antisemitismo?
– El foco se está haciendo sobre otros grupos discriminados como pueden ser los gays o las mujeres, pero nunca el antisemitismo ha formado parte de la educación formal. Aunque hace ya unos años a nivel Terciario sí hay estudios de la Shoá y las Universidades en los primeros años hacen ilustraciones sobre lo sucedido.
–¿Lo entristece que el tema del antisemitismo no sea tratado en la educación a diferencia de otros grupos discriminados?
– En el fondo en definitiva, mal que me duela, no se vive el problema como propio. Mucha de la sociedad argentina no judía no vivió los atentados como un ataque a la sociedad en su conjunto, sino como un ataque a la Comunidad Judía, y algunos han pensados «porque tengo que tener yo este problema». Esto forma parte de las características del ser humano. Aunque hay que destacar que fundamentalistas hay en todas partes, entre la comunidad también hay fundamentalistas pesados.
–¿Cree que las generaciones que vienen están cambiando este pensamiento?
– Yo no tengo hijos, pero tengo amigos con hijos de todas las edades, y sé que hay algunos colegios secundarios y primarios donde la coexistencia es muy buena. Creó que hay generaciones que se están formando ya sin ese prejuicio. Ha disminuido el prejuicio en muchos otros sectores, pero también hay judíos, que no son pocos, que prefieren pasar disimulados. El antisemita se terminó escondiendo porque podía perjudicar cargar con ese mote, por eso hoy en día no hay antisemitas, sino anti sionistas e anti israelíes.
Es verdad. Hoy los antisemitas se esconden en su prejuicio contra Israel. Siguen siendo antisemitas, pero como saben que es algo vergonzante, niegan esto de cualquier forma relativamente racional….., . En el fondo siguen alimentados por un prejuicio antiguo
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