Corría el año 1903 en Ucrania cuando vio al mundo por primera vez Irene Nemirovsky, hija de León y Fanny Némirovsky; él, un banquero judío ruso, y ella, una mujer que jamás mostró el más mínimo interés o tinte afectivo y dulce por Irene. Sería este el origen de un profundo rencor que se alimentó durante sus primeros años de vida.
Irene Nemirovsky pasó gran parte de su niñez entre las paredes de su cuarto escribiendo con odio y sed de venganza contra la señora Fanny, como solía llamar a su madre. Fue educada por una institutriz de origen francés, razón por la que fue ésta la que se convirtió en su lengua materna y el lenguaje de sus escritos, aunque también aprendió otros idiomas, entre ellos, el inglés, el ruso y el polaco.
Durante su adolescencia comenzó a padecer la persecución en contra de su familia por el hecho de ser judíos, razón por la que los bolcheviques le pusieron precio a la cabeza de su padre. Ante esto, debieron escapar de la Revolución Rusa en 1918, llegando a Francia.
En este nuevo lugar, Nemirovsky pudo retomar sus estudios, los cuales reforzaron aquel talento literario que había explorado en su intimidad, aunque no será sino hasta que cumpla los 18 años y se haya graduado de licenciatura en Letras de la histórica universidad de España La Soborna, cuando se dedique a la actividad oficialmente.
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Una vida dedicada a la escritura
Instalada en París en compañía de su esposo, Michel Epstein, y sus dos hijas, Denise y Élisabeth, en el año 1929 decide enviar a la editorial Grasset su novela titulada David Golder, en la que retrató la vida de un banquero caído en desgracia luego de una crisis cardíaca. Sin embargo, no puso su nombre ni su dirección, temiendo el rechazo de la obra.
Sucedió todo lo contrario. El editor Bernard Grasset quedó encantado con la historia, tanto así que publicó un anuncio en la prensa para poder dar con el autor. La novela fue apreciada por escritores de la época y pronto empezaron a hacerle adaptaciones en otros escenarios como el teatro y el cine.
Más adelante aparecerán otras obras como El Baile, una de sus obras más famosas, en la que narra el paso de una adolescente a la vida adulta y que también fue trasladada a otros campos, esta vez al cine, momento en el que también salió a la luz del mundo del arte la actriz francesa Danielle Darrieux. Su incursión en estas disciplinas la llevó a ser muy cercana a artistas como Jean Cocteau y Joseph Kessel.
“Suite francesa” de Irene Nemirovsky
Suite francesa fue la novela que sin duda le dio el éxito en el mundo literario a la autora, pero esto pasó póstumamente. Allí reflejó cómo se vivió la ocupación nazi en Francia durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
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El inicio del fin
En 1939, la escritora envía su petición de nacionalización al gobierno francés, pero este la rechaza en una actitud de antisemitismo. Por esta razón, la familia decide convertirse al catolicismo en aras de conseguir quedarse oficialmente en el lugar que consideraban su hogar.
Sin embargo, en el año 1940 fueron víctimas nuevamente de las leyes antisemitas que se promulgaron por el régimen de Vichy. Para entonces, Michel, su esposo, no pudo trabajar más en la banca y a ella le prohibieron la publicación de sus libros. Fue así que decidieron refugiarse en una pequeña comuna francesa, Issy-l’Évêque, donde las esperaban sus hijas. Tanto Michele como Irene, tuvieron que llevar la estrella amarilla.
Este sería el comienzo del fin. Dos años más tarde, Irene fue arrestada por la gendarmería francesa y llevada al campo de Pithiviers para ser deportada a Auschwitz, lugar donde murió de tifus a los 39 años. Su esposo corrió con una suerte similar al ser arrestado y llevado al mismo destino, donde falleció en una cámara de gas.
Luego de que sus padres fueran arrestados, Denise y Élisabeth, decidieron llevar su vida escondida de la guerra con la ayuda de sus familiares, pero siempre con los escritos de Irene protegidos en cada mudanza. Fue así que los manuscritos inéditos confiados por su madre, entre los que se encontraban obras como Suite francesa, pudieron ver la luz y fortalecer el nombre de la autora.
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